Difference Between Hub,Switch and Router

Hub


A common connection point for devices in a network. Hubs are commonly used to connect segments of a LAN. A hub contains multiple ports. When a packet arrives at one port, it is copied to the other ports so that all segments of the LAN can see all packets.



There are three main points to remember about hubs:

• Many kinds of nodes can be connected to the hub with networking cable.
• All hubs can be uplinked together, either with straight-through cable or cross-over cable, depending on whether or not the hub has an uplink port.
• Performance will decrease as the number of users is increased.

When choosing a hub, the main consideration should be performance. If the hub is 100Mbps and there are five users, each user will receive only 20Mbps of bandwidth. If the hub is intended for a small network with very little traffic, this should not be a problem. However, if the network is large or expected to expand, a switch is a better option in the end.
When considering a hub, always remember that the network may expand in the future. Try to buy a hub that has enough ports to allow expansion without more hardware purchases. If expansion is not an immediate concern, remember that in the future you can add more hubs.
The standard hub is great for starting a small network, or providing a network to one department. There are two basic types: 10baseT, which will support a speed of 10Mbps; and 100baseTX, which supports 100Mbps. A standard 10baseT hub cannot connect to hardware that runs at 100Mbps unless a switch or hub with auto-sensing capabilities is used between them. If your network is small and will not require expansion in the near future, a standard hub is the perfect solution.


Switch


In networks, a device that filters and forwards packets between LAN segments. Switches operate at the data link layer (layer 2) and sometimes the network layer(layer 3) of the OSI Reference Model and therefore support any packet protocol. LANs that use switches to join segments are called switched LANs or, in the case of Ethernet networks, switched Ethernet LANs.

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Switches also run in full duplex mode, which allows data to be sent and received across the network at the same time. Switches effectively double the speed of the network when compared to hubs, which only support half duplex mode.
A 10/100Mbps switch can also support hardware running at either 10Mbps or 100Mbps, allowing the continued use of older technology and delaying replacement.
Switches will increase the speed and efficiency of networks in any of the following situations:

• Any network that calls for a 10/100 hub will benefit from a 10/100Mbps switch. The switch will increase available bandwidth, drastically increasing the speed that the network is running at.
• Any network that requires enhanced performance for file servers, workstations, Web servers, etc. Any critical components should be connected directly to a 10/100Mbps switch.
• Any network that uses high-speed applications including multimedia and video. Any workstation or file server using the intensive applications should be connected directly to a 10/100Mbps switch.
• Any network that uses Fiber optic cabling should use a 10/100Mbps switch rather than a hub. A hub will not take full advantage of the speed possible with Fiber optic cabling.

Router


A device that forwards data packets along networks. A router is connected to at least two networks, commonly two LANs or WANs or a LAN and its ISP.s network. Routers are located at gateways, the places where two or more networks connect. Routers use headers and forwarding tables to determine the best path for forwarding the packets, and they use protocols such as ICMP to communicate with each other and configure the best route between any two hosts

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iWatch Concept

Sometimes I want to play the role of fairy god mother who can do anything in few simple stroke of her magical wand in the air. And guess what, you’re right I will surely make Apple throw this iWatch concept into production, right away.

Thanks to guys at the ADR Studios for this concept, the iWatch2 is a new generation wrist-wear that is iOS-compatible and full of exciting features.

And as we sees it, this concept watch boast some of the features we wanted to have on the final design of iWatch. The concept can be wirelessly connected to iDevices and it’s capable of  FaceTime, front-facing camera along with a mini LCD projector, a 32 GB hard drive to store all your pictures, music tracks and video files.

And if you’re thinking why Apple should have the iWatch? Think of Siri and iCloud as a perfect medium on how iPad, iPhone, iPod, Apple TV and Macs communicates on each other, then all of them was virtually controlled conveniently over your wrist. For example, you can just say or touch something on the iWatch and the Apple TV will play something for you. Interesting?

As of the moment, we don’t know if Apple is brewing something like this on their design lab but we’re very optimistic that Cupertino-giant will surprise us with their own iWatch soon.

Gallery

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